Research Articles

2019  |  Vol: 5(4)  |  Issue: 4 (July- August)  |  https://doi.org/10.31024/ajpp.2019.5.4.26

Effect of solvents and extraction methods on the phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of Bauhinia variegata and Leptadenia reticulata

Priya Vyas*^{1, 2, 3}, Vincent J. Braganza²

¹St Xavier’s College, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad-380009 Gujarat, India

²Xavier Research Foundation, Loyola Centre for Research and Development, St. Xavier’s College Campus, Ahmedabad-380009 Gujarat, India

³Department of Biochemistry, School of Science, Gujarat University, (Gujarat) India

*Address for Corresponding Author

Priya Vyas

St Xavier’s College, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad-380009 Gujarat, India

Abstract

Objective: In the present study, we investigated the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of the crude extracts of Bauhinia variegata and Leptadenia reticulata. Materials and Methods: The extracts were prepared using three experimental conditions [elevated and 25°C temperature; ultrasound vibrations] and four solvent systems [water, methanol, water: methanol (1:1), chloroform: methanol (1:1)]. The total phenolic content was estimated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method; total flavonoids was estimated by AlCl₃ method; antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH and phosphomolybdenum assay. Results: For Bauhinia variegata, the methanol extract prepared at 25°C showed highest phenolic content (69.39 ± 1.22 mg GAE/g of dry extract), flavonoid content (44.50 ± 1.11 mg RE/g of dry extract) and free radical scavenging capacity (57.01 ± 1.57%) and methanol extract prepared at elevated temperature showed highest total antioxidant capacity (135.24 ± 4.37 mg AAE/g of dry extract). For Leptadenia reticulata, the water: methanol extract showed highest phenolic content (24.60 ± 0.65 mg GAE/g of dry extract), flavonoid content (6.44 ± 0.21 mg RE/g of dry extract) and free radical scavenging capacity (66.83 ± 0.91%) and methanol extract prepared by sonication showed highest total antioxidant capacity (52.88 ± 1.34 mg AAE/g of dry extract). Conclusions: These results indicate that these medicinal plants may have potential application in reducing oxidative stress due to presence of strong antioxidant activity. Further isolation and identification of bioactive component from these plants could have application in health and pharmaceutical industry.

Keywords: Bauhinia variegata, Leptadenia reticulata, antioxidant activity, phenolic content and flavonoid content