Amarnath Subramanian1, Narayanan Raman2, Pallvarnanathasamy Dhasarathan3*
1Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapati, Tirunelveli-627 012, Tamilnadu, India
2Department of Zoology, Sri Paramakalyani College, Alwarkurichi-627 412, India
3Department of Biotechnology, Prathyusha Engineering College, Chennai-602025, India
*Address for Corresponding author:
Pallvarnanathasamy Dhasarathan
Department of Biotechnology, Prathyusha Engineering College, Chennai-602025, India
Abstract
Objective: Bioactive compounds of aromatic and medicinal plants were showed remarkable activity against bacteria and fungi. Material and methods: Aerva lanata was extracted in hot extraction method using low polar to high polar solvents and used to screen the preliminary phytochemicals. The extracts were separated by thin layer chromatography method and identified compounds by NMR techniques. The isolated active compounds and extracts antibacterial activity was screened by disc diffusion assay, minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal activity assay methods. Results: Among the various extracts studied in the present investigation, the ethanol extracts of Aerva lanata (leaves) was found to be different secondary metabolites. The study revealed the polarity of the chemical composition of the leaves of Aerva lanata. In the present study, the Rf value of compound isolated from Aerva lanata by TLC method is given as; three spots from hexane extract (0.13, 0.17, 0.31) and five spots from butanol extracts (0.03, 0.06, 0.90, 0.12, 0.15. The proton NMR spectrum of the compound gave the following compound 2-Decyl-1-tetradecanol. In the case of butanol extract of A. lanata showed high antimicrobial activity against all the test pathogens while other extracts showed comparatively moderate activity. The butanol extract (150 µg/ml) of A. lanata was showed maximum inhibition 5.8 ± 0.4 mm against Klebsiella Sp, 5.1 ± 0.3 mm against Staphylococus aureus, 4.5 ± 0.3 mm against Micrococcus Sp. and 2.6 ± 0.2mm against Pseudomonas Sp. Followed by butanol, hexane extract (150 µg/ml) showed inhibition of Staphylococus aureus (4.8 ± 0.3 mm), Pseudomonas Sp (3.7 ± 0.2 mm), Micrococcus Sp (3.5 ± 0.2 mm) and Klebsiella Sp (3.5 ± 0.3 mm). Lower concentration of 2-Decyl -1-tetra decanol (20 µg/ml) also inhibited Micrococcus Sp (10 ± 0.3 mm), Klebsiella Sp (9 ± 0.3 mm), Pseudomonas Sp (8 ± 0.3 mm) and Staphylococus aureus (4 ± 0.3 mm). Conclusion: The active compound has good inhibitory effect against the test pathogens and crude extracts. In this study shows isolated active compound of 2-Decyl -1-tetra decanol to be used prepare plant based drugs to cure pathogenic bacterial diseases.
Keywords: Phytochemical analysis, microbial assay, Aerva lanata
