Rishabh Singh*, Anant Srivastava
Department of Pharmacology, Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Faizullaganj, Lucknow 226020, Uttar Pradesh, India
*Address for Corresponding Author
Rishabh Singh,
Department of Pharmacology, Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Faizullaganj, Lucknow 226020, Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract
The primary objective of this review is to understand the role of different inflammatory mediators, mechanisms involved in the disease pathogenesis and to identify new therapeutic approaches involved in the treatment of neurodegerative diseases. Neuronflammation is like a two-edged sword because in acute conditions, or at low levels, it deals with the anomaly and is healing in nature. However, in chronic conditions, or at continued high levels it causes massive damage to the viable host tissue. Neuroinflammation accelerates the progression of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This review aims to study different inflammatory mediators like prostaglandins, cytokines, microglial activation, astrocytic activation, etc and understand the underlying mechanisms (deposition of misfolded proteins, oxidative stress, lipidperoxidation, mitochondrial dysfunctioning) involved in the disease pathogenesis. This range of inflammatory mediators and underlying pathogenic mechanisms provides a variety of potential targets for new anti-inflammatory agents.
Keywords: Neuronflammation, autotoxicity, alzheimer’s disease, microglias, astrocytes
