Review Articles

2017  |  Vol: 3(2)  |  Issue: 2(March-April)

Formulation Technologies for Chrono Therapy of Epilepsy: A Review

P. Silas^a*,   P. K. Lakshmi^b, S. Ram Mohan Rao^a

^aDepartment of Pharmacy, University College of Technology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India

 ^bDepartment of Pharmaceutics, G.Pulla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Mehdipatnam,   Hyderabad,    India

 

*Corresponding author

P. Silas

Department of Pharmaceutics,

University College of Technology, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.

Abstract

Epilepsy is a most common serious disorder of the brain accounting for 1% of the world population. Most of the patients with epilepsy continue to have seizures despite anti-epileptic therapy. Seizure occurrences are diurnal, nocturnal, diffuse or circadian in nature. Epileptic seizures are characterized by sudden, transient, explosive, disorderly firing of neurons. Epileptic seizures with circadian rhythmicity tend to be dependent on origin and type of seizures.  The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics parameters aids in the better understanding of the physiology of epileptic seizures such as absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of the drugs used in the treatment of epilepsy which helps in enhancing bioavailability of the dosage forms. The review focuses on the chrono pharmacokinetics of AEDs, seizure patterns of epilepsy. The application of chrono therapy helps in optimizing the dose, minimizing toxic effects by altering the time of administration that may provide improved seizure control by maintaining therapeutic plasma concentrations of drug compared to the conventional therapy which lacks specified time of administration of drug, key technologies in chrono pharmaceutical oral drug delivery for epilepsy helps in achieving control of seizures for a better mental and social life.

Keywords: Epilepsy, Circadian rhythm, Chrono Pharmacokinetics, Chrono Therapy, Diurnal, Nocturnal