Raman Kumar Tripathia, Shamsher Singhb
aDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, I.S.F College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
bNeuroscience Division, Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
*Corresponding author
Dr. Shamsher Singh (M. Pharm, PhD)
Neuroscience division (Department of Pharmacology)
I.S.F College of Pharmacy, Moga (142001), Punjab, India
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this article is use of Kymriah technique which uses CAR-T Therapy in the treatment of Leukemia along with the Actemera that is technique which treat cytokine release syndrome in the patients those are treated with the Kymriah. Discussion: Gene therapy is the technique that utilizes gene transfer into patient’s cell as a drug to treat the patient from the various diseases. Gene could be transferred either by germline and somatic techniques with the help of both viral and non-viral vectors. The main target of the gene therapy is to reduce or treat genetic disorders but recently it has been considered as approachable therapy for cancer also called leukemia. Presently the technique which is going to be used as the treatment measure for the leukemia is known as kymriah. It is considered as a first gene therapy for the leukemia patients. The approach is known as adoptive cell transfer that is utilization of chimeric antigen receptor therapy (CAR-T). It allows the direct targeting of anticancer agents and to kill malignant cells without harming the normal cell. CAR-T also diminishes long-term transgenic expression that’s why successful rate is high. In CAR-T tisagenlecleucel is used which directly target cluster of differentiation (CD-19) ALL. The modification of the CAR-T cells uses retrovirus, lentivirus and transposon which can insert the transgene into the host cell genome. The major outcome of CAR-T therapy is that there will be no or least toxic effect to the patient. Conclusion: Due to less side effect of kymriah as compared to the other medications it is using as lifesaving therapy because it kill only the leukemia cells without damaging to the normal cells functioning. Patient treated with the kymriah could develop CRS but Actemera is used to treat CRS.
Keywords: Gene therapy, Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), Cytokine release syndrome (CRS), Kymriah, Actemra
